In electricity, resistors serve the purpose of opposing the flow of current and transforming electrical energy into heat.
For electronics, resistors are used to properly distribute voltage and current at different points in the circuit.
I=V/R ; V=R x I ; R=V/I
I=V/R ; V=R x I ; R=V/I
Resistance as a component
Manufacturing: In the last stages of time, resistors were changing as technology advanced, based on the needs of human evolution. As technology advanced and new materials were discovered, resistors were changing their manufacturing method. In the last 2 decades we can see 4 particular ways of manufacturing resistors:
Manufacturing: In the last stages of time, resistors were changing as technology advanced, based on the needs of human evolution. As technology advanced and new materials were discovered, resistors were changing their manufacturing method. In the last 2 decades we can see 4 particular ways of manufacturing resistors:
Agglomerated: They are made up of a mixture of graphite and insulation. They had the advantage of a wide range of values (100-100,000 Ω) at a low manufacturing cost. Their main disadvantage was the variation in their tolerance percentage due to sudden changes in temperature. They are currently out of use and are seen as discontinued.
Windings: They consist of a resistive wire of nickel, chromium and aluminium wound around an insulating capsule. They are resistors used for high power and are insulated by a layer of porcelain.
Carbon film: They are made up of a thin sheet of carbon rolled into a tubular shape and insulated by a layer of resin. They are currently the most widely used.
Metallized film: Like carbon resistors, they consist of a thin layer of carbon to which a metal alloy film is added. This makes the resistors more stable against the effects of temperature and high frequencies, maintaining very low tolerances.
Values and locations
Within the known resistors we can find up to 4 identification bands with different meanings depending on their position.
1st y 2nd color band: value
3rd color band: multiplier
4th color band: tolerance percentage
Within the known resistors we can find up to 4 identification bands with different meanings depending on their position.
1st y 2nd color band: value
3rd color band: multiplier
4th color band: tolerance percentage
| Color | Value | Multiplier | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black | 0 | 1 | ± 1% |
| Brown | 1 | 10 | ± 2% |
| Red | 2 | 100 | --- |
| Orange | 3 | 1000 | --- |
| Yellow | 4 | 10 000 | --- |
| Green | 5 | 100 000 | ± 0.5% |
| Blue | 6 | 1 000 000 | ± 0.25% |
| Violet | 7 | 10 000 000 | ± 0.1% |
| Gray | 8 | --- | ± 0.05% |
| White | 9 | --- | --- |
| Golden | --- | 0.1 Ω | ± 5% |
| Silver | --- | 0.01 Ω | ± 10% |